Foundations of the Internet

Foundations of the Internet gives learners a clear, practical and accessible understanding of the global network that supports modern communication, commerce, education, entertainment and public services. The course begins by explaining what the internet is and how it developed from early computer networking projects into a worldwide system of interconnected networks. Learners then explore how data travels, how devices are identified, how domain names and URLs work, and how protocols, routing systems and internet service providers coordinate communication.

The course also introduces the physical and organisational infrastructure behind online services, including cables, satellites, routers, switches, servers, data centres, local networks, wide-area networks and virtual private networks. Learners discover how websites, web applications, APIs, email, messaging and video communication operate at a foundational level without requiring prior programming knowledge.

A major part of the course focuses on safe and responsible internet use. Learners examine malware, phishing, scams, password security, privacy, encryption, misinformation, censorship and net neutrality. The course also considers e-commerce, digital payments, unequal access to connectivity and the social impact of internet technologies. It concludes by examining the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data and 5G. By the end, learners will be able to explain core internet concepts, interpret common technical terms, make safer online decisions and understand how emerging technologies may influence everyday life, work and business.